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<p><b>Transfersomes® - Innovative Transdermal Drug Carriers. In: Modified Release Drug Delivery Systems. (M. Rathbone, M. Robert, J. Hadgraft, eds.) M. Dekker, New York, pp 533-546 (2002).</b> </p> <p align="left">G. Cevc*</p> <p align="left">*Medizinische Biophysik, Technische Universität München<br> Ismaningerstr. 22, D-81675 München, Deutschland, EU<br> </p> <p align="left"> Specialized intercellular lipidic seals and the tight packing of cells in the skin prevent molecules greater than a few hundred Dalton from crossing the organ. However, composite, 'intelligent' aggregates, that exert directed pressure on the intercellular junctions in the skin, can open numerous hydrophilic channels through the stratum corneum and carry pharmacological agents, including polypeptides, across the intact permeability barrier after non-occlusive administration. The distinct characteristics of such aggregates, Transfersomes ('carrying bodies'), are the non-uniform and high aggregate deformability (mechano-sensitivity) and the high responsiveness to external transcutaneous gradient(s) (e.g. hydro-sensitivity). Combination of both these properties enables Transfersomes to move through the skin typically between the cell envelope and the skin sealing lipid multilayers. Aggregates without the described characteristics, such as conventional liposomes or mixed lipid micelles, remain confined to the skin surface. The results of in vivo experiments with corticosteroids (hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, triamcinolone), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (diclofenac), and proteins (calcitonin, insulin, serum albumin) in Transfersomes illustrate the main advantages of 'smart carriers': the drug targeting into the skin (> 99.9%), the improvement of regional/systemic drug concentration ratio (10 x ), and the high efficiency of non-invasive macromolecular delivery. In every case, the duration of biological action is also prolonged.</p> <p><a href="index.html"><----</a> | <a href="../.././index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Was ist das Besondere an IDEA?'); return true;">Startseite</a> | <a href="../../about-us/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Über die Geschichte, die Leute, die Zusammenarbeiten und die Zukunftspläne von IDEA.'); return true;">Über uns</a> | <a href="../../corporate_factsheet/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Corporate Factsheet'); return true;">Corporate Factsheet</a> | <a href="../../science/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Wissenschaftliche Kooperationen, Veröffenlichungen usw.'); return true;">Wissenschaft</a> | Publikationen | <a href="../../product_opportunities/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext(''); return true;">Einsatzmöglichkeiten</a> | <a href="../../financial/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Investoren und grundlegende finanzielle Daten.'); return true;">Finanzierung</a> | <a href="../../press_releases/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Originaltexte...'); return true;">Pressemitteilungen</a> | <a href="../../latest_newsletter/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('IDEAS letzter ausgegebene Newsletter'); return true;">Letzter Newsletter</a> | <a href="../../press_clippings/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('IDEA in der Presse - die Originaltexte.'); return true;">Pressespiegel</a> | <a href="../../conferences/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Bei diesen Veranstaltungen treffen sie uns, und wir können uns persönlich unterhalten...'); return true;">Konferenzen</a> | <a href="../../career/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Wir suchen Talente mit Engagement und bieten im Gegenzug viel.'); return true;">Karriere</a> | <a href="../../contact/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Wir freuen uns, von Ihnen zu hören!'); return true;">Kontakt</a> | <a href="../../faq/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Der Unterschied zwischen Liposomen und Transversomen, Produktverträglichkeit und vieles mehr.'); return true;">Wissenschaftliche FAQ</a> | <a href="../../glossary/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext(''); return true;">Glossar</a> | <a href="../../sitemap/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Schaffen Sie sich einen Eindruck von IDEA.'); return true;">Seitenübersicht</a> | <a href="../../search/index.html" target="_top" onmouseover="putstattext('Finden Sie Dokumente in dieser Seite über Schlagwörter---'); return true;">Suchen</a> |  </p>